Exactly twenty years have passed since Italian psychiatry made its stand, chancing the success of its new treatment for insanity. At that time, all psychiatrists, regardless of extraction, training or background (hospital, academic, biological or psychodynamic), agreed that the system had to be changed, that one could not go on with an organization that dated back to Esquirol and Chiarugi and whose legal regulations were based on the law on mental illnesses unrevised since 1904.